Leonardo da Vinci DNA Project, The Rockefeller University, New York
Paper offers foundation to advance search for Leonardo’s DNA
The surprising results of a decade-long investigation by Alessandro Vezzosi and Agnese Sabato provide a strong basis for advancing a project researching Leonardo da Vinci’s DNA.
Their extensive study, published by the journal “Human Evolution” (Pontecorboli Editore, Florence), documents with new certainty the continuous male line, from father to son, of the Da Vinci family (later Vinci), from progenitor Michele (born 1331) to grandson Leonardo (6th generation, born 1452) through to today — 21 generations in all, including five family branches — and identifies 14 living descendants.
The work fills gaps and corrects errors in previous genealogical research into Leonardo’s family, while offering new discoveries and family tree updates.
This text deepens and enormously expands the discovery announced in Vinci, Italy, in 2016 by the same Vezzosi and Sabato of numerous living but indirect descendants including only two males in direct line, up to the 19th generation, from a single branch of the Vinci family.
It also provides for the first time the documentary data and information sources over seven centuries to the present day registry office, with work on additional family branches ongoing.
Leonardo himself had at least 22 half-brothers but no children; a new unpublished document shows that “Paolo di Leonardo da Vinci da Firenze” was a case of homonymy. The five family branches are traced from Leonardo’s father, ser Piero (5th generation), and half-brother Domenico (6th). Since the 15th generation, data have been collected on over 225 individuals. The study, with the collaboration of the living descendants, contributes to the work of the Leonardo Da Vinci Heritage Association.
This extraordinary, authoritative 690-year genealogical investigation is fundamental to affiliated scientific work Vezzosi and Sabato have underway with the international Leonardo da Vinci DNA project, supported by The Richard Lounsbery Foundation. The project involves the J. Craig Venter Institute of La Jolla, California and several other high-profile universities and research centers, including the Department of Biology of the University of Florence, directed by David Caramelli.
The Y chromosome, passed on to male descendants, is known to remain almost unchanged through 25 generations. Comparing the Y chromosome of today’s male relatives with that of their ancestors in ancient and modern burial sites would both verify the uninterrupted family line and certify Leonardo’s own Y chromosome marker.
Questions potentially probed once Leonardo’s DNA is confirmed include reasons behind his genius, information on his parents’ geographical origins, his physical prowess, premature aging, left-handedness, diet, health and any hereditary diseases, and his extraordinary vision, synaesthesia and other sensory perceptions.
Comparison of biological data could also potentially help verify the authenticity of artwork and materials handled by Leonardo, thereby pioneering links between biology and art with broad implications for the world’s art market in terms of artistic attribution and materials.
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Leonardo Da Vinci DNA Project
Founded by anthropologists Brunetto Chiarelli and Henry de Lumley in 2014, goals of the project include obtaining and sequencing DNA of Leonardo to understand better his extraordinary talents, notably his visual acuity, through genetic associations. Three-dimensional images of Leonardo could possibly be created if sufficient genome sequence data becomes available.
Completed pilot studies confirm the ability to identify useful biological material from centuries old works of art and other kinds of relics and samples. The project also investigates the microbial flora located on and within artworks. Using 16S sequencing, the project has demonstrated a novel finding that there are differing bacterial communities when comparing artwork on wood and canvas, and microbes on stone/marble/plaster sculptures. It has also demonstrated that there are specific genera known for having oxidative positive strains present on paintings on wood and paintings on canvas that could potentially be responsible for deterioration and fading. More generally the Project seeks to stimulate fruitful interactions between, on the one hand, geneticists, molecular biologists, and microbiologists, and, on the other hand, historians, art historians, artists, and other experts in cultural heritage.
Funding for this project is provided by The Richard Lounsbery Foundation and by the Achelis and Bodman Foundation.
Related news releases: here and here.
About the authors
Alessandro Vezzosi
Leonardist and art historian. He is originally from Vinci, where he founded the Leonardo Da Vinci Ideal Museum in 1993, with the Archives of fingerprints and Leonardisms, and with the project for “Leonardo’s Garden”. He is the author and curator of countless exhibitions, publications, conferences and lectures on Leonardo, as well as on Michelangelo and Raphael, the Garden of Pratolino, “and places of memory, contemporary art and design, from the United States to Japan.
His books have been translated into 19 languages ??(from Leonardo da Vinci: The Mind of the Renaissance, New York, Harry N. Abrams, 1997 to Leonardo Da Vinci: The Complete Paintings in Detail, New York, Prestel, 2019).
He began in 1973 the research on the locations and spaces and descendants of Leonardo, for what has been configured since 2000 as a search for Leonardo’s DNA. museoideale@gmail.com
Agnese Sabato
Agnese Chairs the Leonardo Da Vinci Heritage Association. She graduated in Modern History from the University of Florence. She collaborates in the organization of exhibitions, conferences, educational activities and institutional initiatives of the Leonardo Da Vinci Ideal Museum (including the “Fingerprint Archive”), and in books and study notebooks. She has published contributions on the history of slaves in Florence and on the myth and image of Leonardo. She has been working since 1993 researching the genealogy and living descendants of the Da Vinci, in collaborations with the Leonardo Da Vinci DNA Project since 2015. leonardodavinciheritage@gmail.com
Leonardo Da Vinci Heritage Association
The Association aims to protect and enhanceLeonardo’s cultural heritage and the spaces and locations related to his life and work. Born as an idea in 2017, the non-profit (Third Sector) Leonardo Da Vinci Heritage Association was established formally in January 2019 to spread in Italy and abroad the knowledge of Leonardo’s life – through research, publishing and exhibition activities; strengthen research, dissemination, documentation and information activities on his life story, with particular reference to the genealogy of his family; safeguard the privacy of his descendants; to promote studies, research and scientific examinations relating to the DNA of Leonardo and his relatives; safeguard his moral and ethical heritage, while respecting and protecting his cultural heritage.
The project is curating creation of the “GeniaDaVinci” database, which will collect the thousands of documents collected for this study and the family tree in progress, to make them accessible to scholars and the general public.
A volume of the new paper in Italian will be published soon with full iconography.
Human Evolution
Angelo Pontecorboli Editore – Firenze
ISSN 0393-9375 — ISSN ONLINE 1824-310X
A scientific journal founded in 1969 by Prof. Brunetto Chiarelli, University of Florence.
Managing Editor: Angelo Pontecorboli.
Human Evolution publishes scientific articles on the physical, sociological and cultural evolution of Humankind.
There are numerous disciplines involved in the study of human evolution which the magazine tries to address. Particular attention is paid to molecular evolution, genetics and DNA.
Human Evolution is published in English in Florence, Italy in one volume per year divided into four issues. http://www.pontecorboli.com – http://www.pontecorbolipress.com info@pontecorboli.it
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Media coverage highlights
Newswires
ANSA, Italy
1) Caccia al Dna di Leonardo, trovati 14 discendenti viventi https://www.ansa.it/canale_scienza_tecnica/notizie/biotech/2021/07/06/caccia-al-dna-di-leonardo-trovati-14-discendenti-viventi_2104ab1a-944d-4fc0-b66e-bb3195d176ca.html
2) 14 living descendants found in hunt on for Leonardo’s DNA
https://www.ansa.it/english/news/2021/07/06/hunt-on-for-leonardos-dna-14-living-descendants-found_9b2a48d6-6372-413e-89b8-e416930856ce.html
3) Portuguese: Pesquisa encontra 14 descendentes vivos de Leonardo Da Vinci
https://epocanegocios.globo.com/Mundo/noticia/2021/07/pesquisa-encontra-14-descendentes-vivos-de-leonardo-da-vinci.html
Agenzia Giornalistica Italia, Italy
Leonardo da Vinci ha 14 discendenti viventi
https://www.agi.it/scienza/news/2021-07-06/leonardo-vinci-14-discendenti-viventi-13167044/
Agencia EFE, Spain
Leonardo Da Vinci tiene hoy 14 descendientes masculinos vivos
https://www.infobae.com/america/agencias/2021/07/06/leonardo-da-vinci-tiene-hoy-14-descendientes-masculinos-vivos/
HINA, Croatia
Talijanski znanstvenici su pronašli četrnaest potomaka iz obitelji Da Vinci
https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/svijet/talijanski-znanstvenici-su-pronasli-cetrnaest-potomaka-iz-obitelji-da-vinci-15086074
NTB, Norway
14 etterkommere etter Da Vinci identifisert
https://www.abcnyheter.no/nyheter/verden/2021/07/06/195771041/14-etterkommere-etter-da-vinci-identifisert
Deutsche Presse Agentur, Germany
Ahnenforscher finden die Nachfahren von Leonardo da Vinci
https://www.t-online.de/nachrichten/panorama/buntes-kurioses/id_90396954/ahnenforscher-finden-die-nachfahren-von-leonardo-da-vinci.html
SDA, Switzerland
Ahnenforscher finden 14 lebende Nachfahren von Leonardo da Vinci
https://www.suedostschweiz.ch/wirtschaft/2021-07-06/ahnenforscher-finden-14-lebende-nachfahren-von-leonardo-da-vinci
ATS, Switzerland
Caccia al DNA di Da Vinci: trovati 14 discendenti viventi
https://www.cdt.ch/cultura-e-societa/caccia-al-dna-di-da-vinci-trovati-14-discendenti-viventi-LN4395184
PAP, Poland
Włochy: Naukowcy odkryli 14 żyjących potomków Leonarda da Vinci
https://www.wnp.pl/rynki-zagraniczne/wlochy-naukowcy-odkryli-14-zyjacych-potomkow-leonarda-da-vinci,480078.html
IndoAsian News Service, India
Leonardo Da Vinci: New family tree spans 21 generations, 690 years
https://www.prokerala.com/news/articles/a1175959.html
News sites
The Guardian, United Kingdom (96,922,151)
Leonardo Da Vinci project finds 14 living male descendants
https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2021/jul/06/leonardo-da-vinci-project-finds-14-living-male-descendants
Daily Mail, United Kingdom (potential impressions, 76,039,119)
Leonardo da Vinci’s family tree: Historians trace the Italian polymath’s descendants across 690 years and 21 generations – and find 14 living male relations https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-9758023/Genealogy-Historians-trace-da-Vincis-descendants-14-living-male-relations.html
Telegraph, United Kingdom (26,938,178)
Leonardo: new DNA analysis discovers 14 living descendants of Renaissance master
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2021/07/06/leonardo-new-dna-analysis-discovers-14-living-descendants-renaissance/
Sky News, United Kingdom (22,833,616)
DNA researchers hope to uncover secret of Leonardo Da Vinci’s genius from 14 living descendants
https://news.sky.com/story/dna-researchers-hope-to-uncover-secret-of-leonardo-da-vincis-genius-from-14-living-descendants-12349981
London Evening Standard, United Kingdom (17,101,838)
Scientists trace 14 living relatives of Leonardo Da Vinci in hope of discovering genetic code of his genius
https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/leornardo-da-vinci-relatives-italy-trace-study-b944424.html
Corriere Della Sera, Italy (23,710,111)
Firenze, caccia al Dna di Leonardo: trovati 14 discendenti diretti del genio del Rinascimento
https://www.corriere.it/cronache/21_luglio_06/firenze-caccia-dna-leonardo-trovati-14-discendenti-diretti-genio-rinascimento-29f24d0e-de3f-11eb-a77a-c19811af1134.shtml
La Repubblica, Italy (26,167,236)
Impiegati, geometri e artigiani tra i discendenti in vita di Leonardo: così scopriremo il suo Dna https://www.repubblica.it/tecnologia/2021/07/06/news/l_eredita_di_leonardo_da_vinci_trovati_col_dna_14_discendenti_viventi-309128027/
La Stampa, Italy (11,506,699)
1) Caccia al Dna di Leonardo, trovati 14 discendenti che abitano vicino a Vinci
https://www.lastampa.it/cultura/2021/07/06/news/caccia-al-dna-di-leonardo-trovati-14-discendenti-che-abitano-vicino-a-vinci-1.40468250
2) Impiegati, geometri e artigiani tra i discendenti in vita di Leonardo: così scopriremo il suo Dna https://www.lastampa.it/tecnologia/2021/07/06/news/l_eredita_di_leonardo_da_vinci_trovati_col_dna_14_discendenti_viventi-309128027/
Tiscali, Italy (3,507,240)
Caccia al Dna di Leonardo, trovati 14 discendenti viventi
https://notizie.tiscali.it/esteri/articoli/Caccia-Dna-Leonardo-00001/
La Vanguardia, Spain (30,694,248)
Quedan 14 descendientes masculinos vivos de Leonardo da Vinci
https://www.lavanguardia.com/cultura/20210706/7581425/leonardi-da-vinci-descendientes-vivos-estudio-adn-arbol-genealogico.html
EL MUNDO, Spain (29,304,872)
Leonardo da Vinci tiene 14 descendientes masculinos vivos
https://www.elmundo.es/cultura/2021/07/06/60e42dfbfdddff4d398b45ea.html
ABC, Spain (24,576,184)
Hallan catorce descendientes vivos de Leonardo da Vinci
https://www.abc.es/cultura/abci-hallan-catorce-descendientes-vivos-leonardo-vinci-202107061410_noticia.html
El Periodico, Spain (12,428,962)
El árbol genealógico de Da Vinci se completa: todavía hay 14 descendientes vivos del artista
https://www.elperiodico.com/es/ciencia/20210706/arbol-genealogico-leonardo-da-vinci-14-descendientes-vivos-11887178
Российская газета (Rossiyskaya Gazeta), Russia (24,429,436)
Обнародованы данные проекта по исследованию ДНК Леонардо да Винчи
https://rg.ru/2021/07/06/dnk-leonardo-da-vinchi.html
ThePrint, India (11,618,364)
‘Youngest Leonardo da Vinci descendant’ born in 2020, study to decode his genius finds 13 others https://theprint.in/science/youngest-leonardo-da-vinci-descendant-born-in-2020-study-to-decode-his-genius-finds-13-others/690170/
Full coverage summary here
News release in full, here